{"id":576,"date":"2020-09-04T10:00:36","date_gmt":"2020-09-04T08:00:36","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.lasteuropeans.eu\/?page_id=576"},"modified":"2020-10-03T08:43:06","modified_gmt":"2020-10-03T06:43:06","slug":"11-alfred-otto-munk","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"http:\/\/www.lasteuropeans.eu\/en\/the-brunner-family-an-estate\/11-alfred-otto-munk\/","title":{"rendered":"Alfred Otto Munk"},"content":{"rendered":"\r\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" width=\"1024\" height=\"1018\" class=\"wp-image-166\" src=\"http:\/\/www.lasteuropeans.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/Brief_Munk_200311JM-Brunner042-1024x1018.jpg\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"http:\/\/www.lasteuropeans.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/Brief_Munk_200311JM-Brunner042-1024x1018.jpg 1024w, http:\/\/www.lasteuropeans.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/Brief_Munk_200311JM-Brunner042-300x298.jpg 300w, http:\/\/www.lasteuropeans.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/Brief_Munk_200311JM-Brunner042-150x150.jpg 150w, http:\/\/www.lasteuropeans.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/Brief_Munk_200311JM-Brunner042-768x764.jpg 768w, http:\/\/www.lasteuropeans.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/Brief_Munk_200311JM-Brunner042-1536x1527.jpg 1536w, http:\/\/www.lasteuropeans.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/Brief_Munk_200311JM-Brunner042-640x636.jpg 640w, http:\/\/www.lasteuropeans.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/Brief_Munk_200311JM-Brunner042.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/>\r\n<figcaption>Alfred Otto Munk: letter to his father Hans Munk, after April 10, 1938. Jewish Museum Hohenems<\/figcaption>\r\n<\/figure>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<div>\u00a0<\/div>\r\n<div><span lang=\"EN-US\">On the day of the pseudo-democratic referendum on Austria\u2019s \u201cAnschluss\u201d to the German Reich on April 10, 1938, Alfred Otto Munk (1925 \u2013 2002) and his 23-year-old sister managed to escape near Lustenau to Switzerland. Their mother, Rega Brunner, daughter of Lucian Brunner, had organized a smuggler and forged papers and had the children picked up by car in Vienna. She herself had already fled Austria around the days of the \u201cAnschluss\u201d and was staying in Zurich. With two additional helpers, her children reached Swiss soil. The family left Zurich in October and immigrated to the USA where Alfred Otto Munk initially joined the US army. After war end, he studied at Stanford and worked for decades in American oil companies. Alfred Otto Munk\u2019s letter about his escape from Austria was addressed to his father, Hans Munk, who<\/span><span lang=\"EN-US\">\u2014<\/span><span lang=\"EN-US\">divorced from Rega Brunner since 1926<\/span><span lang=\"EN-US\">\u2014<\/span><span lang=\"EN-US\">had already moved to the USA in 1937 and was residing in California. In his agitation, Alfred Otto Munk apparently forgot to mention that the day of his escape from Austria had also been his 13<sup>th<\/sup> birthday.<\/span><\/div>\r\n<div>\u00a0<\/div>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<figure class=\"wp-block-audio\">\r\n<!--[if lt IE 9]><script>document.createElement('audio');<\/script><![endif]-->\n<audio class=\"wp-audio-shortcode\" id=\"audio-576-1\" preload=\"none\" style=\"width: 100%;\" controls=\"controls\"><source type=\"audio\/mpeg\" src=\"http:\/\/www.lasteuropeans.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/11_Alfred_Otto_Munk_Letter_1938_E.mp3?_=1\" \/><a href=\"http:\/\/www.lasteuropeans.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/11_Alfred_Otto_Munk_Letter_1938_E.mp3\">http:\/\/www.lasteuropeans.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/11_Alfred_Otto_Munk_Letter_1938_E.mp3<\/a><\/audio>\r\n<figcaption>Alfred Otto Munk, letter to his father, April 1938<\/figcaption>\r\n<\/figure>\r\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u00a0 On the day of the pseudo-democratic referendum on Austria\u2019s \u201cAnschluss\u201d to the German Reich on April 10, 1938, Alfred Otto Munk (1925 \u2013 2002) and his 23-year-old sister managed to escape near Lustenau to Switzerland. Their mother, Rega Brunner, daughter of Lucian Brunner, had organized a smuggler and forged papers and had the children [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":0,"parent":611,"menu_order":12,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":[],"categories":[50,51,44,78,47,57],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.lasteuropeans.eu\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/576"}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.lasteuropeans.eu\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.lasteuropeans.eu\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.lasteuropeans.eu\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.lasteuropeans.eu\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=576"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"http:\/\/www.lasteuropeans.eu\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/576\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":746,"href":"http:\/\/www.lasteuropeans.eu\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/576\/revisions\/746"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.lasteuropeans.eu\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/611"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.lasteuropeans.eu\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=576"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.lasteuropeans.eu\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=576"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.lasteuropeans.eu\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=576"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}